{"id":1706,"date":"2021-03-14T20:39:05","date_gmt":"2021-03-14T19:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/?p=1706"},"modified":"2021-03-14T20:39:05","modified_gmt":"2021-03-14T19:39:05","slug":"how-ict-provision-can-improve-aspects-of-spatial-use-and-quality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/?p=1706","title":{"rendered":"How ICT provision can improve aspects of spatial use and quality?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Authors<\/strong>: <strong><em>Ina \u0160uklje Erjavec<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To better understand and present the complexity of the relationship between users&#8217; needs for space use and quality and the necessary attributes and ways of using ICT tools to improve various aspects of space quality, we have prepared an overview table that includes and shortly describes key spatial quality aspects of the outdoor setting, list of some user needs related to both spatial and ICT use, ICT attributes relevant to fulfil those needs, some possibilities and types of ICT implementation, and suggestions of related added values to listed spatial quality aspects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Legend:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>AR<\/strong> = Augmented Reality<\/li><li><strong>LT<\/strong> = Location Technology<\/li><li><strong>W<\/strong> = Wi-Fi<\/li><li><strong>VT<\/strong> = Vision Technology<\/li><li><strong>DM+<\/strong> = Data Management plus more<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>SPATIAL QUALITY ASPECTS<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>USER NEEDS<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>DIGITAL TOOLS \/ICT<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>DIGITAL TOOLS \/ICT<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>ADDED VALUES<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><strong>Attributes<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Type of implementation<\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(Public) Accessibility<\/td><td>Physical accessibility orientation, navigation, access for all (inclusiveness)<br><br>Accessibility to technology \u2013 skills\/use, affordability, equality (inclusiveness)<\/td><td>Easy to use (intuitive) devices, (no need to be<br>ICT-literate)<br>Path quality &#8211; access for all<br><br>Online information before visiting place &#8211; available for all needs<\/td><td>Wayfinding apps \u2013 \u201cfiltering\u2019 based on user profile and requirements Overlaying of additional information within App for specific purposes (augmented reality);<br>In-situ devices <strong>LT, AR<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Enhancing access for all (facilitating it)<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Responding more specifically to user requirements,<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Possibility for user feedback to enrich data<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Security<\/td><td>To feel safe in the space, not to be controlled or observed; to retain:<br>&#8211; physical safety<br>&#8211; emotional\/<br>&#8211; psychological<br>safety<br><br>Internet security &#8211; not to be hacked<\/td><td>Physical and virtual privacy, confidence, alert to danger, feedback, security check<\/td><td>ICT tools and apps for:<br>&#8211; Lighting<br>&#8211; Sound and light<br>interactivity<br>&#8211; Suitable<br>structure of<br>place, good<br>visibility,<br>&#8211; Validated<br>networks Monitoring cameras<br><strong>AR, LT, VT, W, DM<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Social networking<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> User\u2019s involvement<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> New users<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Higher usability<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> New ways of lighting<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Flexibility<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Activation system<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Legibility<\/td><td>To understand the place\/move easily<\/td><td>Readability<\/td><td>Planning &#8211; Layout and way-marking <strong>AR, LT, VT, W, DM<\/strong><\/td><td>Better orientation flow of movement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Clear Identity of place<\/td><td>Unique features<\/td><td>Artworks, landscaping, facilities<\/td><td>Recognition, significance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sociability<\/td><td>Participation and inclusion Interaction<\/td><td>Gathering \/ social settings<br>Interactive settings<br>Play features<\/td><td>Clear space\/ICT demarcation \/time- independent but spatially localised social interaction<br><strong>AR, W, DM, LT<\/strong><\/td><td>Well-being and social cohesion, ownership\/care sense of belonging,<br>e-agora<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Adaptability<\/td><td>Adapt to special needs<br>Co-create \u2013 temporarily change<br>Capacity for individual change<\/td><td>Future-proof design<br>Flexibility<br>Ephemerality<\/td><td>Apps, Wi-Fi<br>Sensors, Screens and other in-situ devices and settings<br>(Regular maintenance and updating needed)<br><strong>VT, DM, W<\/strong><\/td><td>Co-creation, citizen input, experimentation of solutions, possibly temporary<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Functionality<\/td><td>Accessibility Comfort<\/td><td>Welcoming spaces, clear pathways<\/td><td>Social design and facility provision <strong>DM, LT<\/strong><\/td><td>System trust<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Connectability<\/td><td>Between spaces (permeability), people and information<\/td><td>Secure and high-bandwidth provision<\/td><td>Maintaining networks, facilitation<br><strong>W, DM<\/strong><\/td><td>Social cohesion, communication<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Variety<\/td><td>Attractors Opportunity of choice<\/td><td>Gaming, social, information layers<\/td><td>Embedded games and play, socially hybrid spaces \u2013 e.g. chess\/coffee<br><strong>AR, LT, VT, W, DM<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Enjoyment<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Play<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> New uses<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Innovation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(Social) resilience in the face of emergency<\/td><td>Obtain and give effective and reliable information; Knowledge as to where to go; Access to amenities<br>Organisational support for groups<\/td><td>Quick responsiveness<br>Spatial adaptability to user needs<br>ICT-functioning support<br>Accessibility (to both space and technology)<\/td><td>Energy independence or passive energy generation<br>Monitoring devices e.g. air\/water quality, waste\u2026<br><strong>W, DM, VT, LT<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Timely information provision and exchange<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> A direct communication channel e.g. via social media<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Monitoring available resources<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Environmental<br>\/ ecological sustainability<\/td><td>Optimal microclimate<br>Water retention<br>Biodiversity<br>Pollution and natural disaster mitigation<\/td><td>Real-time monitoring via sensors<br>Visualising the information in situ<\/td><td>Sensors<br>Screens<br>Apps<br><strong>DM, VT, LT, in situ sensors<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Raising awareness and knowledge<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Support policymaking and management<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Health<br>(physical and mental) and wellbeing<\/td><td>Outdoor physical activity<br>Mental restoration (connection with nature)<br>Knowledge about optimal environmental conditions to carry out physical activity<\/td><td>Challenging and attractive environment for physical activities;<br>Virtual environment to enhance wellbeing;<br>Real-time information;<br>Health-related statistics<\/td><td>Innovative elements that invite one to perform physical activities<br>Screens, Apps Games<br><strong>AR, VT, LT, DM<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Raising awareness, knowledge, promotion of a healthy lifestyle;<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Attract new people outdoors; Incentivise activity of visitors;<br><strong>\u2022<\/strong> Offer new experiences<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24140\/2020-sct-vol.4-2.1\" target=\"_blank\">\u0160uklje Erjavec, I. &amp; \u017dlender, V. (2020). Categorization of digital tools for co-creation of public open spaces. Key aspects and possibilities. Planning Practice and Research (165-183). In Smaniotto Costa, C., Ma\u010diulien\u0117, M., Menezes, M. &amp; Goli\u010dnik Maru\u0161i\u0107, B. (Eds.). Co-Creation of Public Open Places. Practice &#8211; Reflection &#8211; Learning. C3Places Project. Lisbon: Lus\u00f3fona University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24140\/2020-sct-vol.4-2.1.<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007%2F978-3-030-13417-4_17\" target=\"_blank\">\u0160uklje Erjavec, Ina, and Ruchinskaya, Tatiana (2019). A Spotlight of Co-Creation and Inclusiveness of Public Open Spaces. In CyberParks \u2013 The Interface Between People, Places and Technology, edited by Smaniotto Costa C. et al. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11380. Springer, Cham.<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/cyberparks-project.eu\/examples\" target=\"_blank\">CyberParks Project. Pool of Examples (n.d.). Retrieved June 7, 2019. Available at http:\/\/cyberparks-project.eu\/examples<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Authors: Ina \u0160uklje Erjavec To better understand and present the complexity of the relationship between users&#8217; needs for space use and quality and the necessary attributes and ways of using &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[98,63,96],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1706"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2020,"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706\/revisions\/2020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myc3place.di.unimi.it\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}